The Kitáb-i-Aqdas and Bahá'í Fundamentalism

God hath decreed, in token of His mercy unto His creatures, that semen is not unclean. Yield thanks unto Him with joy and radiance ¶74
Bahá'u'lláh is said to have written the Kitáb-i-Aqdas in 1873, or perhaps several years earlier. This was relatively early in his ministry, so much was added or ammended afterward, but the Aqdas stands as the book that Bahá'u'lláh intended to serve as the foundation of his scriptures. The Aqdas, when viewed with its Islamic, Shi'i, Iranian, and Bayanic origins in mind, presents very little original material, and is hence a very traditional book in the Shi'i style, and it contains much that western Bahá'ís and non-Bahá'ís might find hard to swollow. It is therefore no surprise that the Bahá'í authorities did not complete an authoritative English translation until 120 years after its release in Arabic. Its release in English, along with the advent of the Internet, preceeded a surge in fundamentalism in the previously liberal western Bahá'í community.
First and foremost, the Twin Duties assigned by the Aqdas to all men are (1) belief in Bahá'u'lláh and (2) obedience to his laws and ordinances. ¶1 The Aqdas states quite clearly that good deeds—without satisfying these two duties—are worthless. This fundamentalist doctrine of salvation leaves no room for the unbeliever and those who cannot manage to live by the entirety of Bahá'u'lláh's rules and regulations, which are—as well shall soon see—quite hard to swallow hole. The Bahá'í community, in fact, does not follow many of the directives of the Aqdas, though they claim they will one day when mankind has reached a sufficient level of maturity.

The Foundation: Original Sin

The Bahá'í doctrine of the Twin Duties rests upon the foundation of the Bahá'í version of the doctrine of original sin. The Bahá'í idea is not that Adam and Eve blew it for the rest of us, but rather that we are inadequate by design, and not just morally, but we are futhermore incapable of discerning right from wrong. Our only hope is to fear God, recognize Bahá'u'lláh, and obey him.
O people of the world! Follow not the promptings of the self, for it summoneth insistently to wickedness and lust; follow, rather, Him Who is the Possessor of all created things, Who biddeth you to show forth piety, and manifest the fear of God. ¶64
Regard men as a flock of sheep that need a shepherd for their protection. This, verily, is the truth, the certain truth. We approve of liberty in certain circumstances, and refuse to sanction it in others. We, verily, are the All-Knowing. ¶124
Bahá'u'lláh makes this point in different ways throughout his writings:
man is unable to comprehend that which hath streamed forth from the Pen of Glory and is recorded in His heavenly Books. Men at all times and under all conditions stand in need of one to exhort them, guide them and to instruct and teach them.
Lawh-i-Maqsúd (Tablet to Mirzá Maqsúd)
Thus the Aqdas states in no uncertain terms that we are to follow Bahá'u'lláh strictly according to his own terms:
Weigh not the Book of God with such standards and sciences as are current amongst you, for the Book itself is the unerring Balance established amongst men. In this most perfect Balance whatsoever the peoples and kindreds of the earth possess must be weighed, while the measure of its weight should be tested according to its own standard, ... ¶99
Thus it follows that one cannot rest ones conscience on good deeds alone, because one cannot distinguish good from evil in the first place.
Blessed is the man that hath acknowledged his belief in God and in His signs, and recognized that "He shall not be asked of His doings". Such a recognition hath been made by God the ornament of every belief and its very foundation. Upon it must depend the acceptance of every goodly deed. ¶161
This, of course, puts men in a position of being incapable of measuring the appropriateness or fairness of any of Bahá'u'lláh's laws and ordinances, or for that matter, anything Bahá'u'lláh has said. Therefore, men must simply believe and obey:
The first duty prescribed by God for His servants is the recognition of Him Who is the Dayspring of His Revelation and the Fountain of His laws, Who representeth the Godhead in both the Kingdom of His Cause and the world of creation. Whoso achieveth this duty hath attained unto all good; and whoso is deprived thereof hath gone astray, though he be the author of every righteous deed. It behoveth every one who reacheth this most sublime station, this summit of transcendent glory, to observe every ordinance of Him Who is the Desire of the world. These twin duties are inseparable. Neither is acceptable without the other. ¶1

Unbelievers

There are certainly passages in Bahá'í scripture that exhibit tolerance of the unbeliever, but there are certainly passages that exhibit a less than complimentary attitude:
The peoples of the world are fast asleep. ... So bewildered are they in the drunkenness of their evil desires, that they are powerless to recognize the Lord of all being, Whose voice calleth aloud from every direction ... ¶39

Islamic Legalism

One of the most striking characteristics of the Aqdas, especially in light of the fact that such gravity is given to its laws and ordinances, is that a number of important issues are omitted while several less important topics are addressed in great technical detail. What the Aqdas chooses to address appears to follow the pattern of Islamic tradition and Bábí law more than issues that concern modern civilazation. Indeed, the Aqdas itself indicates that Bahá'u'lláh wrote the Aqdas to appease the many contemporary Bahá'ís who saw great importance in addressing Islamic law. ¶98

Severe Punishments

It is not enough to say that the Aqdas endorses capital punishment. In many parts of the world where capital punishment is used, it is reserved for extreme crimes. In the Aqdas, the application of capital punishment is more straightforward: if one kills (with intent), one is to be killed. ¶62
Even stronger is the punishment for arson, which appears to be the equivalent of burning at the stake. ¶62 Not to imply that arson is not a dreadfully serious crime, but isn't that a bit cruel and unusual? Is there no other crime that calls for a punishment of proportionate cruelty?

Unfair Penalties and Allotments

Though Bahá'u'lláh dealt with a handful of topics in great detail, his handling of these topics left something to be desired with regard to fairness.
One example of this are the flat monetary fines applied to fornication ¶49 and manslaughter ¶188 and flat amounts assigned to dowries ¶66: did it ever occur to Bahá'u'lláh that this approach favors the wealthy? It has the effect of making fornication and manslaughter similarly minor offenses for those who can easily part with a little gold.
I have, on occasion, stopped to wonder how a modern criminal court system might be served by the additional load of fornication cases. I also wonder how people might come to be accused of fornication. It's good for a laugh or two.
Manslaughter is treated as a civil offense for which the blood money is set to about 11 troy oz. of gold. The fine for first offense adultery is about an ounce.

Marriage and Inheritance

The passages of the Aqdas on marriage ¶63-70 are noticeably gender-biased. Men are permitted to have two wives ¶63 (`Abdu'l-Bahá later abrogated this allowance of bigamy). Men are presumed to be the sole bread winners, so no consideration is given to the likelihood that a woman might work ¶67. Whereas adultery is considered to be an offense that men and women can commit ¶49, divorce appears to be justifiable by female adultery only, for, in keeping with Islamic tradition, divorce is not a two-way street: the man divorces the wife; not the other way around. ¶68.
Dowries are set to a couple ounces of gold for city urban Bahá'ís and a couple ounces of silver for rural Bahá'ís. ¶66 Silver is, of course, worth much less than gold. This system favors rural residents whether they are rich or poor, but more importantly, why even bother with such detail? Why require dowries in a modern age in which wives are presumably no longer possessions?
Bahá'u'lláh's rules for inheritance clearly favor men over women. ¶20–29 The only defense Bahá'ís have for this is that Bahá'u'lláh's rules are merely a default to be used when Bahá'ís don't leave a will (which would be illegal). Is this to suggest that Bahá'u'lláh's inheritance rules are not to be used, even as a model? Of course they are to be used! If failing to leave a will is forbidden, why else would Bahá'u'lláh have specified these allotments? To punish the female descendants only?

Important Topics Avoided

It seems a bit peculiar that, having dealt with incidental topics in great detail, Bahá'u'lláh found his way to sidestep some important issues, such as circumcision—especially the female variety practiced in parts of the Muslim world. He must have been aware of the practice, yet he did not seem to believe it was an issue deserving of his attention.
Some heinous crimes are not touched by the Aqdas. Thievery is addressed in detail, but robbery—the violent equivalent—is not touched.
The Aqdas does not address sexual crimes such as molestation and rape. These heinous offenses may not have been considered as serious from Bahá'u'lláh's Islamic perspective, but of course that's no excuse for a universal manifestation.

Good Old-Fashioned Homophobia

The Aqdas fails to discuss rape, sexual assault, or molestation, but it does express great abhorrance for something it ambiguously calls the subject of boys. ¶107 Shoghi Effendi interpreted this as a general forbiddence of sexual relations between males. As ambiguously grossed out as Bahá'u'lláh appeared to be by the subject of boys, Shoghi Effendi was probably reading Bahá'u'lláh right.

Silly Stuff, But Not Harmless

Though the Bahá'ís claim to respect cultural diversity, the very fabric of the Bahá'í Faith threatens cultural diversity, because the Bahá'í Faith is no mere code of international and interracial good will as it has been sold to us; rather it is a complex set of behavioral codes that dictate manner of dress, eating, worship, marriage, and on and on. One directive that drives this point home is Bahá'u'lláh's directive on the trimming of hair:
Shave not your heads; God hath adorned them with hair, and in this there are signs from the Lord of creation to those who reflect upon the requirements of nature. He, verily, is the God of strength and wisdom. Notwithstanding, it is not seemly to let the hair pass beyond the limit of the ears. Thus hath it been decreed by Him Who is the Lord of all worlds. ¶44
It's a good thing Shoghi Effendi clarified the prohibition against long hair to be directed only toward men! Still, given the apparent spirit of this passage, consider how Bahá'u'lláh kept his own hair. We have included a photo to assist the reader.
This question ought to also be put to `Abdu'l-Bahá's appearance. Still, this lack of integrity is not the most troubling aspect of the twin directives on hair. The keeping of hair is a part of many cultures. What are the Bahá'ís to say people who have used the grooming of their hair as part of their cultural and religious heritage for thousands of years? For example, in many Native American cultures, the cutting of ones hair is a sign of grieving or shame. Are the Bahá'ís prepared to follow in the footsteps of the Christian missionaries of old?
This is certainly not the only place where the Bahá'í Faith imposes on perfectly harmless cultural practices. The Bahá'í Faith requires burial of the dead, for instance, and the Bahá'í Faith brings its own set of rules and form of ceremony to marriages and funerals. Even the dinner table is not spared:
Take heed lest, when partaking of food, ye plunge your hands into the contents of bowls and platters. ¶46
Does this mean we must eat pizza with a fork?
And in keeping with the Tidiness-is-Godliness principle, we have another gem:
Should the garb of anyone be visibly sullied, his prayers shall not ascend to God, and the celestial Concourse will turn away from him. ¶67
Well, I should say: what if the garment is invisibly sullied by some horrible bacteria? Then his prayers would be welcome because there is no visible dirt?
And finally, another silly rule:
If ye should hunt with beasts or birds of prey, invoke ye the Name of God when ye send them to pursue their quarry; for then whatever they catch shall be lawful unto you, even should ye find it to have died. ¶60
The obvious question here is: what if one hunts with a gun, a net, or a bow?
This is a discussion about the culturally insensitive nature of the Bahá'í Faith that goes beyond the Aqdas itself, but the Aqdas is a prominant part of the problem.

The Roots of Shundamentalism

Shundamentalism, the distictly Bahá'í practice of shunning other Bahá'ís who follow another Bahá'í leader, was put forward again and again by Bahá'u'lláh, and an example is to be found in the Aqdas:
Erelong shall clamorous voices be raised in most lands. Shun them, O My people, and follow not the iniquitous and evil-hearted. This is that of which We gave you forewarning when We were dwelling in Iraq, then later while in the Land of Mystery, and now from this Resplendent Spot. ¶37
Later, in Questions and Answers, Bahá'u'lláh utters this remarkably divisive statement regarding non-Bahá'í family members, giving great legal weight to the practice of shunning apostates:
Any heir, from whichever category of inheritors, who is outside the Faith of God is accounted as non-existent and doth not inherit.
Answer #34

Why one should not become—or remain—a Bahá'í, according to the Aqdas

Finally, here are some selections from the Aqdas to help motivate good people to keep clear of the Bahá'í Faith:
It is inadmissible that man, who hath been endowed with reason, should consume that which stealeth it away. ¶119
Burden not an animal with more than it can bear. ¶187
_____________________________________________________________________________
How much really changed in the Aqdas?
Courtesy : The National Spiritual Assembly of the Covenant-breakers of Eastern Oregon and Tiajuana.

8 comments:

  1. This is indeed a serious problem inherent in the faith, and this was a pretty good article. Well done!

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  2. poor judgement combined with malicious intent, possibly a payed article, taking things out of the context, thus showing poor sense of fairness, possibly a challenged intelligence?

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  3. Lol, what is a Payed Article?

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  4. Check with references will confirm everything! Some thing are not appropriate in any context.

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  5. I became aware of each of the inconsistencies within my first two years of becoming a baha'i. This is all true and much , much more. There are reputable news items of brutal murders to cover up Baha'U'Llah's claim to be the successor of the Bab. Mirzi Ya Ya was clearly and plainly named by the Bab as his successor. Baha figured out that he could get no where with that title, so he switched trcks and took up the title, "Manifestation of God", and was able to get away with that one. the Baha'i faith ,,is full of lies, changes in doctorines, rewrites of entire "infalible books...it's sickening I have to just stop. I am embarrassed to had been deceived by this manmade cult by Islamic nut cases that had the messiah complex to the most extreme degree, to lie , kill, My God, it is sickening. Leave this garbage cult ASAP!

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  6. Actually Baha'u'llah took on the title "Him who God will make manifest" a title that he claimed could not be challenged and the Bab said that his ( The Bab's) rule would last at least 2000 years, just like what Baha said, Baha says that god changed his mind. There is an Arabic word for "God changing his mind" that was used for the 2000 year reign of the Bab. the Bab's laws and religion never got implicated as the Bab pronounced many times. Was God's manifestation wrong? Obviously, according to his jealous, religious, Messiah freak Baha'u'lah, who changed his own name, I will not look up his original name, but you can...it certainly was not 'the light of God', "The Glory of God", "The Lord of Hosts' come on people. I could say my name is "Love" and everytime you see it in the bible, it is a direct reference to me...I am God according to the bible. Using translations and the changing of of one's own name is garbage. Baha'u'llah had multiple wives at the same time...do you approve of that? It could not be covered up, search for it, it is just explained away by nonsense, brainwash material. YOU HAVE TO BELIEVE IN THE BAHA'I FAITH IN ORDER TO BELIEVE IN THE BAHA"I FAITH. This is not a play on words. One has to believe this nonsense to continue to accept any nonsense that YOU WILL RUN ACROSS...but it's from God and all disbelievers are fools and bereft of understanding. WAKE UP. READ, really read the Aqdas, why did it take until the 1990's before "The Most Holy Book " was translated in English when myriads of time and money were spent on other books. I will tell you. There were so many unfulfilled prophecies and contradictions within it's own texts that the UHJ put off the English translation until it could be corrected to where the brainwashed Bahai's could accept it. there are older English translations, 2 that I know of, that have entire chapters and paragraphs that were removed from what the UHJ released in the 1990's. These translations were made by very dvout believers that had no reason to add or mistranslated any portion of their sacred scriptures...so my question is: Why change the words of God? Answer, they would not appeal to the general public, even though a few things fell through the Baha'i filter. There is an organization that makes sure anything in print gets an approval or not, it may sound good...nope, it's censorship, another thing that any "liberal" thinking Baha'i would be ready to fight to the death to eliminate. You Bahai's are your own worst representatives of hypocrites. There is no Unity, only if you follow like a Baha'i robot, all the rules and a very un healthy fast...no water, are you kidding. it is hard on your kidneys and does not flush ot any of the toxins that a fast would do for you...Baha didn't know this, he was not God. He was an ignorant Messiah complex lunatic that lived during a period similar to the time that the Jews were expecting a Messiah, I am not even going to address Jesus. But The Babi Faith and the 2000 year too quickly, Baha'i Faith all came at a time when another prophet was expected in the Islamic world. These people wer ego maniacs, nuts, not messengers for God. Wake up , read, study and open up your eyes to the possibility that you have been deceived! It's just as possible taht you were deceived as you were delivered this blessed gift from God. It's a lie, don't trust me, look at the facts my fellow human friends.

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  7. The Baha'i Faith has deceived so many innocent people looking for an alternative to Christianity, which is most often practiced incorrectly and of course it turns people off and causes them to look else where for God's message. the Baha'i Faith, sadly, is not the answer. Sorry folks, I was one of you, deceived initially and bought into it's brain washing guilt formulas implanted in it's man-made doctrine. I wish that his words were true, but they are not. What he said started out untrue with his own desire to be a messiah. which you have to understand, at the time it was the most coveted position in the Islamic world. Do you believe in Islam? It reduces women to the lowly state of cattle, Women are possessions. plus, depending on which sect of Islam you subscribe to...the majority DO BELIEVE IN JIHAD, a Holy war, condoned by our loving God?! tThat is why we have all the violent problems with them....THINK, there is a reason for a constant violent Holy war coming from the followers of Muhammad and his teachings. Baha'u'llah says this has been abrogated by our blessed God, well in reality, it never should have been instigated, and never was. Please think. This religion comes from Islam, supports it's founders and teachings. Even if you believe that Islam is a peaceful religion delivered by God...please study the history of the Bah'i Faith, it is new enough that news articles exist that prove that it is fake. I ruined my relationship with my family and married a Baha'i. I am divorced and she left the Baha'i Faith and thanked me. The Baha'i Faith, simply as a religion, has the highest divorce rate of any other religion, including mormons, Jehova's witnesses all the other crazy religions. The Baha'i faith claims the highest rate of divorce. let me tell you my friends, if for no other reason, stay away from this religion for this reason alone. divorce destroys, your children, your ex spouses and look at what you will owe your ex spose in a Baha'i divorce. It will leave you penniless and your family destroyed and sad. My son attempted suicide, i had to watch him for a week fighting for his life on life support. He lived, thank God. He is now an Atheist...NO DOUBT! This is common for ex Baha'i's to lose all faith in God. Do you want any of that for your family. Google it. Everything I say is true and I had to live through this gift from Satan...it is horrific and the most painful thing that you will ever put yourself and your loved one's through. Don't do it and don't fall for the nonsense that all this is worth it for "The Cause" the "cause is bullshit! leave it alone run away as quickly and as fast as you can my friends! My God I wish this had been real and that I had sacrificed my life for something real for my creator, but I did not. I involved myself in a lie and you will hear it over and over from many, many people whose lives were ruined by this religious lie from religious ego maniacs that do not have the truth in their mouths, nothing but egotistical lies that will destroy your life...not everyone's lives, some people can survive and even thrive within this lie...they are lucky. stay away from this mess, it is a lie and not worth the risk my beloved fellow human beings, please save yourself useless pain, do not subject your poor innocent children to this lie! Please don't do it to them, don't deprive them of Christmas and subject them to monthly Holy days where they are not to go to school. They will be a religious weirdo for nothing, not to "USHER IN THE NEW WORLD ORDER" but simply turn them into religious weirdos for no reason, absolutely not to support our Creator. This is a lie and not worth destroying your life over...if it were real, I would recommend it and tell you to lay down your life for it, but it is a lie, A LIE! Leave it alone. Look elsewhere, anywhere, for religious truth...you will come closer than this pack of lies!

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  8. I made the mistake of saying that Jihad or Holy war had never been instigated, I meant Jehovah never instigated Jihad or Holy war or the Christian Crusades, those were all man made. Jihad or Holy War MOST CERTAINLY was instigated my Mohamed, in fact that is why he was initially pronounced to be a prophet was because he won so many wars that his soldiers claimed that Allah, a Pagan God, not Jehovah, the God of the Jews or Christians must consider Mohamed to be a prophet. So Allah is represented by the crescent moon and star, he never was GOD or Jehovah, he was later turned into Jehovah by Mohamed and his followers because it brought him more credibility and that is why the story of Issac and Ishmael was reversed. Don't take my word for it, get off your lazy religious but and look it up for yourself, that is why The Baha'I Faith has spread at all is because people are too lazy to check out anything that Baha'u;llah sya, they just accept it because it is expressed in such loving and flowery terms, but that doesn't make it true. Islam is false, the Baha'i Faith is false, do your homework people. Christianity is too old to check it out completely. Many Christian Archaeologists would arue that, but even as a Christian myself, I believe that Christianity and Jesus's divinity has to be accepted on faith...that's just my opinion, but I don't see blatent lies in Christian history like I do in Islam and The Baha'i Faith.

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